Raman Kumar, Pramod Kumar Rathore
Multilevel inverters (MLIs) have emerged as a key solution for high-power and medium-voltage applications, offering improved output waveforms, reduced total harmonic distortion (THD), and greater efficiency in renewable energy integration. This review critically analyzes recent advancements in MLI topologies—including cascaded H-bridge (CHB), modular multilevel converters (MMC), switched-capacitor (SC) designs, and reduced switch-count configurations—highlighting their benefits, challenges, and simulation results. Furthermore, the paper explores novel control techniques such as model predictive control, space vector modulation, and multicarrier PWM, which significantly enhance inverter performance in grid-tied and standalone systems. Comparative assessments from MATLAB/Simulink simulations and hardware-in-loop implementations demonstrate how these designs effectively address harmonic distortions and switching losses. Finally, the paper identifies research trends focused on device count reduction, output quality improvement, and cost-effective configurations, laying a strong foundation for future innovations in power electronics.
Multilevel inverter (MLI), Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB), Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), PWM Techniques, Renewable Energy, MATLAB/Simulink, Control Strategies, Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), Switched Capacitor (SC), Predictive Control, Grid Integration